ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a chronic hemolytic anemia characterized by microspherocytes in the peripheral blood and increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF). This study evaluated the cryohemolysis test (CHT); initial hemolysis (IH); immediate and incubated hemolysis percentage in 5.5 g/L NaCl (H5.5); mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC); red blood cell distribution width (RDW); and Hb/MCHC, Hb/RDW, and MCHC/RDW ratios for the diagnosis of HS. METHODS: Data from 13 patients with HS were evaluated at the Instituto de Bioquímica Aplicada and compared with data from 14 unaffected individuals and 11 patients with anemia due to another etiology. Total blood and reticulocyte counts, CHT, and immediate and incubated EOF were performed in all subjects; sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, and Youden index (YI) were calculated. RESULTS: Eight patients with HS had MCHC ≥345 g/L, 10 had RDW ≥14.5%, 12 had IH >5.0 g/L, 11 had immediate H5.5 ≥5%, and 13 had incubated H5.5 ≥50% (the cut-off value to consider HS). The efficiency and YI were: immediate H5.5 (0.94–0.85), incubated H5.5 (0.89–0.82), IH (0.89–0.78), MCHC (0.87–0.62), CHT (0.84–0.54), and Hb/MCHC (0.71–0.56), respectively. The calculated ratios could distinguish subjects with HS from unaffected individuals (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although the CHT and supplementary hematimetric indexes were useful to differentiate individuals with SH from healthy controls, they cannot distinguish from anemias of other etiology. CHT and MCHC, in addition to EOF, are recommended for diagnosing HS patients because of their low cost and efficiency.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anemia , Anemia, Hemolytic , Diagnosis , Erythrocyte Indices , Erythrocytes , Hemolysis , Osmotic Fragility , Reticulocyte Count , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Physical training induces beneficial adaptation, whereas exhaustive exercises increase reactive oxygen-species generation, thereby causing oxidative damage in plasma and erythrocytes, fractions susceptible to lipid peroxidation. Pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) is a Brazilian Cerrado fruit containing a carotenoid-rich oil. The aim was to investigate the effects of pequi-oil on exercise-induced oxidative damage in plasma and erythrocytes, after running in the same environment and undergoing weekly training under the same conditions as to type, intensity and length. Evaluations were accomplished after outdoor running on flat land before and after ingestion of 400 mg pequi-oil capsules for 14 days. Blood samples were taken after running and submitted to TBARS assay and erythrogram analysis. Haptoglobin, MnSOD (Val9Ala), CAT (21A/T) and GPX1 (Pro198Leu) gene polymorphisms were priorly investigated, so as to estimate genetic influence The reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit after pequi-oil treatment was notably associated with higher plasma expansion. Except for MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) and RDW (red cell distribution width), the results were influenced by the polymorphisms studied. The best response to pequi-oil was presented by MnSOD Val/Val, CAT AA or AT genotypes and the GPX1 Pro allele. The significantly lower RDW and higher MHCH values were related to pequi-oil protective effects. Pequi oil, besides possessing other nutritional properties, showed protective blood effects.
ABSTRACT
A anemia é uma condição definida como a redução da concentração de hemoglobina circulante a um valor inferior ao considerado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em13 g/dl, 12 g/dl e 11 g/dl para homens, mulheres e crianças, respectivamente. É considerada a principal consequência da deficiência de ferro um nutriente que atua principalmente na síntese das células vermelhas do sangue e no transporte de oxigênio para as demais células do corpo. Este trabalho, realizado nos meses de março e abrilde 2007, teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações hematológicas e os níveis de ferro sérico em crianças de 6 a 59 meses de idade na cidade de Campina Grande-PB. A prevalência de anemia observada foi de 31,73%, e, dentre as crianças anêmicas, 91% apresentaram quadro de anemia leve (Hb < 11,0 e > 9,0 g/dl). A faixa etária predominanteem que se observou a menor concentração de hemoglobina foi de 6 a 12 meses (10,26 ± 1,27 g/dl). Considerando-se os vários parâmetros do hemograma para avaliar a etiologia ferropriva entre os anêmicos, o RDW (amplitude de distribuição dos eritrócitos) foi o que mais apresentou especificidade no diagnóstico laboratorial da anemia por deficiência de ferro. Dessa forma, a investigação laboratorial é essencial para o diagnóstico precoce e para o acompanhamento terapêutico eficiente da anemia ferropriva em crianças.
Anemia is a condition that is defined as a concentration of circulating hemoglobin at a level lower than that consideredadequate by the World Health Organization (13 g/dL, 12 g/dL and11 g/dL for men, women and children, respectively). It is considered the main consequence of iron deficiency - a nutrient that mainly acts in the synthesis of red blood cells and in the transportation of oxygen to other cells of the body. This study, which was performed in March and April 2007, aimed at evaluating hematologic alterations and serum iron levels in 6 to 59-month-old children in the city of Campina Grande. The prevalence of anemia was 31.73% and among the anemic patients, 91% had mild anemia (Hb < 11.0 and > 9.0 g/dL). The lowest concentration of hemoglobin was predominantly observed in the 6 to 12-month age group. Considering different parameters of the hemogram in order toevaluate the etiology of iron deficiency among anemic patients, the RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) showed the greatest sensitivity in laboratory diagnoses of iron deficiency anemia. Therefore, laboratory investigation is essential for early diagnosis and efficienttherapy of iron deficiency anemia in children.